A carbon disclosure rating is a measure of the environmental sustainability of a company, based on voluntary disclosures by the company itself.

A carbon disclosure rating is a measure of the environmental sustainability of a company, based on voluntary disclosures by the company itself. The carbon disclosure ratings collected by CDP are comparable to the carbon disclosures collected by the Amsterdam-based Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). One criticism of the carbon disclosure rating process is that its scores do not necessarily reflect the actions a company takes to mitigate its impact on climate change or to offset its carbon footprint. As a result of this, another criticism of the process is that the ratings are inconclusive, as many companies do not provide information to the CDP on what actions they've taken to limit how they impact climate change. The most widely used carbon disclosure ratings are administered by CDP, a United Kingdom-based non-profit organization formerly known as the Carbon Disclosure Project.

Carbon Disclosure Rating

Carbon trade is the sale of credits that permit a certain level of carbon dioxide emission with the goal of reducing overall emissions over time.

China's Giant Carbon Market to Start Trading This Week.

Carbon trade is the buying and selling of credits that permit a company or other entity to emit a certain amount of carbon dioxide. The carbon credits and the carbon trade are authorized by governments with the goal of gradually reducing overall carbon emissions and mitigating their contribution to climate change. Carbon trading, also known as carbon emissions trading, is the use of a marketplace to buy and sell credits that allow companies or other parties to emit a certain amount of carbon dioxide. The carbon trade originated with the Kyoto Protocol, a United Nations treaty that set the goal of reducing global carbon emissions and mitigating climate change starting in 2005. The carbon trade originated with the Kyoto Protocol, a United Nations treaty that set the goal of reducing global carbon emissions and mitigating climate change starting in 2005.

Carbon Trade

"Cleantech”—short for “clean technology”—refers to various companies and technologies that aim to improve environmental sustainability.

An Introduction To Responsible Investment For Asset Owners

The Fastest-Growing Job in Each U.S. State

In finance, the term cleantech—short for clean technology—is used to refer to various companies and technologies that aim to improve environmental sustainability. Some of the many types of positions involved in cleantech companies include solar panel installers, civil and process engineers, technicians, and manufacturing personnel—along with a wide range of trade-related occupations required to install and maintain cleantech facilities. Historically, cleantech was used to refer to a wide range of technologies and practices, ranging from solar and wind energy production to process improvements that can increase efficiencies in supply chains and production lines. In regard to publicly-traded companies, most of the cleantech companies available to choose from are involved in renewable energy production, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. In finance, the term cleantech—short for clean technology—is used to refer to various companies and technologies that aim to improve environmental sustainability.

Cleantech

Climate finance is a broad term relating to the role of finance in facilitating international responses to climate change.

A decade of renewable energy investment, led by solar, tops USD 2.5 trillion

The term climate finance has both broad and narrow uses. Among the examples of how finance plays a role in this process include the use of:
Banks and other intermediaries to transfer capital overseas
Financial markets to price energy commodities
Derivative markets to hedge and exchange risks related to energy prices
Stock exchanges and investment vehicles to facilitate investment in renewable energy companies However, others may wish to restrict climate finance initiatives to projects with a more direct and near-term association with climate change, such as the installation of renewable energy sources. Climate finance is a broad term that can refer either to the role of finance in facilitating efforts to address climate change or to the obligations owed by richer nations to poorer ones. Political discussions surrounding climate finance can also prove contentious around the question of which investments should be considered eligible for funding under the climate finance programs.

Climate Finance

Community investing refers to institutions and investment products that are intended to support economically disadvantaged communities.

H.R.3474 - Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act of 1994

CDFI Annual Certification and Data Collection Report (ACR): A Snapshot for Fiscal Year 2019

In finance, the term “community investing” refers to institutions and investment products that are intended to support economically disadvantaged communities. As of July 2020, there were nearly 1,030 financial institutions delivering various services to underserved communities that received certification from the CDFI Fund.﻿﻿ Of these, roughly half consisted of loan funds, which are institutions that pool capital from investors in order to lend money to entrepreneurs in relatively impoverished communities; while about 40% consisted of CDFI-affiliated banks and credit unions who use depositors’ funds to support the communities in which they reside.﻿﻿ In 1994, the United States Congress passed the Riegle Community Development and Regulatory Improvement Act, giving rise to the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund (CDFI Fund).﻿﻿ Through this new institution, financial service companies could apply for tax credits and other incentives in order to help fund investments in economically disadvantaged communities throughout the United States. The practice has become increasingly popular throughout the world, driven in part by coordinating institutions such as the United Nations Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI).
Today, community investing forms part of a larger trend in the investing community. In the United States, for example, there are several types of Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs), such as community development banks (CDBs) and community development credit unions (CDCUs).

Community Investing

Conscious capitalism is a philosophy with a central premise that businesses should serve all significant stakeholders, including the environment.

What is Conscious Capitalism, and How Does it Differ from Corporate Social Responsibility?

The Four Principles of Conscious Capitalism

Whole Foods represents the failures of 'conscious capitalism'

The critic who has the world's richest people buzzing says if we want to fix society's problems, we're asking the wrong people to do it

The term conscious capitalism refers to a socially responsible economic and political philosophy. The four guiding principles behind conscious capitalism include a higher purpose, stakeholder orientation, conscious leadership, and conscious culture. A conscious culture is one where the policies of conscious capitalism permeate the enterprise, fostering a spirit of trust and cooperation among all stakeholders. There are four guiding principles behind the concept:
**Higher Purpose**: A business that adheres to the principles of conscious capitalism focuses on a purpose beyond pure profits. The conscious capitalism credo acknowledges that while free-market capitalism is the most powerful system for social cooperation and human progress, people can aspire to achieve more.

Conscious Capitalism

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a business model that helps a company be socially accountable to itself, its stakeholders, and the public.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Engagement: Enabling Employees to Employ More of Their Whole Selves at Work

Socially Responsible Causes Ben & Jerry's Has Advocated For

2020 Global Environmental & Social Impact Report

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable—to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. To engage in CSR means that, in the ordinary course of business, a company is operating in ways that enhance society and the environment, instead of contributing negatively to them.
Corporate social responsibility is a business model in which companies make a concerted effort to operate in ways that enhance rather than degrade society and the environment. Although CSR programs have generally been most common among large corporations, small businesses also participate in CSR through smaller-scale programs such as donating to local charities and sponsoring local events. By practicing corporate social responsibility, also called corporate citizenship, companies can be conscious of the kind of impact they are having on all aspects of society, including economic, social, and environmental. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable—to itself, its stakeholders, and the public.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Corporate accountability refers to a publicly traded company's performance in non-financial areas such as social responsibility and sustainability.

Corporate accountability refers to a publicly traded company's performance in non-financial areas such as social responsibility and sustainability. However, whereas corporate responsibility often indicates _voluntary_ approaches, corporate accountability usually refers to more confrontational or _enforceable_ strategies of influencing corporate behavior—pressure exerted by social and political actors beyond the company itself. Corporate accountability espouses that financial performance should not be a company's only important goal and that shareholders are not the only people to whom a company must be responsible; stakeholders such as employees and community members also require accountability. In conjunction with the annual financial reports that the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires corporations to produce, many publicly traded companies publish their own corporate accountability reports to satisfy demands from their shareholders and the public. Broadly, both corporate responsibility and corporate accountability believe that corporations have responsibilities beyond generating a profit for their shareholders.

Corporate Accountability

The Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index comprises the largest U.S. and Canadian companies displaying sustainable characteristics.

Dow Jones Sustainability North America Composite Index: Overview

Dow Jones Sustainability North America Composite Index: Quick Facts

Dow Jones Sustainability Indices Methodology

The Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index, or DJSI North America, is a stock index that captures the top 20% of the largest 600 North American stocks in the S&P Global Broad Market Index (BMI) based on long-term economic, environmental, and social criteria. The Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index, or DJSI North America, is a stock index that captures the top 20% of the largest 600 North American stocks in the S&P Global Broad Market Index (BMI) based on long-term economic, environmental, and social criteria. Among those indices is the Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index, which was created in 2005 in conjunction with its subdivision, the Dow Jones Sustainability United States Index, following the creation of the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index in 1999. The Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index comprises the top 20% of the largest 600 North American companies in the S&P Global BMI based on long-term economic, environmental, and social criteria. It is not to be confused with the Dow Jones Sustainability North America 40 Index or the Dow Jones Sustainability United States 40 Index.

Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index

The MSCI KLD 400 Social Index is a stock index focusing on companies that maintain high environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards.

ESG Ratings Corporate Search Tool: Microsoft

The MSCI KLD 400 Social Index is a market capitalization-weighted stock index focusing on companies that maintain high environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards. The MSCI KLD 400 Social Index is a market capitalization-weighted stock index focusing on companies that maintain high environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards. According to research by MSCI, Microsoft is considered a leader in ESG issues among the American technology sector, having maintained a “AAA” rating since 2016—the highest rating available from MSCI.﻿﻿ The company performed particularly well in issues of corporate governance, sustainable technology development, privacy issues, and lack of corruption. In keeping with this philosophy, potential candidates for the MSCI KLD 400 Social Index will likely have exemplary records on issues such as the treatment of employees, the safety of their products, the environmental sustainability of their supply chains, and their corporate governance practices. As of December 1, 2020, the MSCI KLD 400 Social Index was primarily invested in large American technology companies such as Microsoft (MSFT), Facebook (FB), and Alphabet (GOOG).

MSCI KLD 400 Social Index

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria are a group of standards used by socially conscious investors to screen investments.

The US SIF Foundation’s Biennial “Trends Report” Finds That Sustainable Investing Assets Reach $17.1 Trillion

AR6 Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis

ESG Criteria: Positive and Negative Screens

Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria are a set of standards for a company’s operations that socially conscious investors use to screen potential investments. Determined in part by analysts who identify issues facing different sectors and industries, Trillium's ESG criteria include avoiding:
Companies that operate in higher-risk areas or have exposure to coal or hard rock mining, nuclear or coal power, private prisons, agricultural biotechnology, tobacco, tar sands, or weapons and firearms.
Or companies that have major or recent controversies with human rights, animal welfare, environmental concerns, governance issues, or product safety.
Things that Trillium seeks out, or considers positive ESG criteria, include:
Companies that put out carbon or sustainability reports
Limits harmful pollutants and chemicals
Seeks to lower greenhouse gas emissions
Uses renewable energy sources
Companies that operate an ethical supply chain
Supports LGBTQ rights and encourages diversity
Has policies to protect against sexual misconduct
Pays fair wages
Companies that embrace diversity on their board
Embraces corporate transparency
Employs a CEO independent of the board chair
In years past Governance deals with a company’s leadership, executive pay, audits, internal controls, and shareholder rights.
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria are an increasingly popular way for investors to evaluate companies in which they might want to invest. By following ESG criteria they may be able to avoid companies whose practices could signal a risk factor—as evidenced by BP's (BP) 2010 oil spill and Volkswagen's emissions scandal, both of which rocked the companies' stock prices and resulted in billions of dollars in associated losses. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria are a set of standards for a company’s operations that socially conscious investors use to screen potential investments.

Environmental, Social, & Governance (ESG) Criteria

Ethical investing refers to the practice of using one's own ethical principles as the main filter for securities selection.

Ethical investing refers to the practice of using one's ethical principles as the primary filter for the selection of securities investing. The Amana Mutual Funds Trust offers investment products adhering to Islamic banking principles, such as prohibiting gambling (Maisir), paying or charging interest (riba), and charging more money for late payments (murâbaḥah).
In the 20th century, ethical investing gained traction based on people's social views more than their religious ones. Ethical investing is sometimes used interchangeably with socially conscious investing; however, socially conscious funds typically have one overarching set of guidelines that are used to select the portfolio, whereas ethical investing brings about a more personalized result. Another example of a religious-based ethical investing regime is seen in Islamic banking, which shuns investments in alcohol, gambling, pork, and other forbidden items. Ethical investing refers to the practice of using one's ethical principles as the primary filter for the selection of securities investing.

Ethical Investing

Fair Trade Investing is the act of investing in companies or projects that promote economic, social, and environmental goals.

Majority of ESG Funds Outperform Market Over 10 Years

Fair trade investing refers to investing in companies or projects that promote fair trade with producers in developing nations. While some fair trade organizations will allow their label to be used by brands that follow specific fair trade business practices, the WFTO evaluates the entire supply chain to ensure the consistent application of free trade principles. Fair trade investing seeks to support businesses that engage in fair trade practices, such as traditional farming, small-scale production, fair wages and prices, and environmentally-friendly business practices. Several organizations offer fair trade certifications, allowing socially conscious consumers to support ethical business practices by purchasing products with a fair trade label. The fair trade movement is a group of certifiers and membership organizations that identify products and brands that use fair trade business practices.

Fair Trade Investing

FTSE4Good Index Series is a series of equity indexes that include companies that meet globally-recognized social responsibility standards such as ESG.

The FTSE4Good Index Series is a collection of socially responsible, or ESG stock indexes administered by the Financial Times Stock Exchange-Russell Group (FTSE). Constituents comprise companies in the BME's IBEX 35 Index and the FTSE Spain All Cap Index that meet the FTSE4Good Index Series eligibility criteria. Transparent management and clearly-defined environmental, social, and corporate governance criteria make FTSE4Good indexes suitable tools to be used as:
**Financial products**: as tools in the creation of index-tracking investments, financial instruments, or fund products focused on sustainable investment. The **FTSE4Good Bursa Malaysia Index** constituents are selected from the constituents of the FTSE Bursa Malaysia EMAS Index, screened in accordance with the transparent and defined ESG criteria. The FTSE4Good Index Series is a series of SRI/ESG equity indexes that include companies with positive reputations for corporate responsibility.

FTSE4Good Index Series

A green levy is a tax imposed by a government on sources of pollution or carbon emission with the intended goal of creating a shift to renewable energy.

Reducing the Impact of 'Green' Taxes and Charges on Low-Income Households

German Lower House approves tax on greenhouse emissions for fuels, heating, gas

Germany agrees Eur25/mt start to CO2 tax for transport, heating

A green levy is a tax imposed by a government on sources of pollution or carbon emission. One of the most common green levies is a carbon tax, which taxes businesses or citizens by charging a fee associated with their carbon footprint. One of the ways that governments apply green levies has been through carbon taxes; a system in which a business or private citizen has to pay a fee associated with the size of their carbon footprint. The intended goal of a green levy is to curb pollution and emissions and spur corporations and individuals to use renewable energy or cut down their carbon footprint. the Joseph Rowntree Foundation and Policy Studies Institute.
Some critics of green levies claim that they amount to stealth taxes that hurt consumers by pushing up vehicle prices but do little to curb emissions.

Green Levy

Green marketing refers to the practice of developing and advertising products based on their real or perceived environmental sustainability.

Green marketing refers to the practice of developing and advertising products based on their real or perceived environmental sustainability. From an investor's point-of-view, these kinds of green marketing initiatives can prove essential in building and maintaining a valuable brand, particularly for consumer-facing companies such as Starbucks. The emergence of a consumer population that is becoming increasingly concerned with environmental and social factors has led to green marketing becoming an important component of corporate public relations. Although green marketing refers specifically to environmental initiatives, these efforts are increasingly presented alongside social and corporate governance policies as well. The 2014 Nielsen Global Survey on Corporate Responsibility, for example, found that roughly 55% of consumers were willing to accept higher prices from companies deemed to have a positive social and environmental impact—a 10% increase from the previous survey in 2011.

Green Marketing

Green funds invest only in sustainable or socially conscious companies while avoiding those deemed detrimental to society or the environment.

2019-2020 Green Transition Scoreboard Media Release

Report on US Sustainable and Impact Investing Trends 2020

Sustainable Investments Hit Record High in 2020—And They're Earning Good Returns

Table of Contents
What Is a Green Fund?
Understanding a Green Fund
History of Green Funds
Types of Green Funds
Performance of Green Funds
Are Green Funds Profitable? Some of the green mutual funds that are available include the TIAA-CREF Social Choice Equity Fund (TICRX), the Trillium ESG Global Equity Fund (PORTX), and the Green Century Balanced Fund (GCBLX).
The total investment in the green economy between 2009 and 2019.
Money has poured into green funds as investors seek both socially responsible investments and returns from the uptick in green technologies such as wind and solar power. Table of Contents
What Is a Green Fund?
Understanding a Green Fund
History of Green Funds
Types of Green Funds
Performance of Green Funds
Are Green Funds Profitable? According to the Forum for Sustainable and Responsible Investment, there were $3.1 trillion in assets managed by registered investment companies with ESG criteria, such as mutual funds and index funds, in 2020. According to the Forum for Sustainable and Responsible Investment, there were $3.1 trillion in assets managed by registered investment companies with ESG criteria, such as mutual funds and index funds, in 2020.

Green Fund

Green tech is a type of technology that is considered environmentally-friendly based on its production process or supply chain.

How Silent Spring Ignited the Environmental Movement

Milestones in EPA and Environmental History

Chevron's Carbon Capture Struggle Shows Big Oil's Climate Hurdle

World's Biggest Machine Capturing Carbon From Air Turned on in Iceland

How Green Are Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries

Minerals for Climate Action: The Mineral Intensity of the Clean Energy Transition

Addressing Single Use Plastics Production Pollution Using a Life Cycle Approach

Renewables Account for Most New US Electricity Generating Capacity in 2021

Energy Transition Investment Hit $500 Billion in 2020—for First Time

What Are the Safest and Cleanest Sources of Energy

Table of Contents
What Is Green Tech? Understanding Green Tech
History of Green Tech
Types of Green Tech
Special Considerations
Adoption of Green Tech
What Is the Cheapest Form of Green Energy?
How Do You Invest in Green Technology?
Is Nuclear Power Green? Green tech is related to cleantech, which specifically refers to products or services that improve operational performance while also reducing costs, energy consumption, waste, or negative effects on the environment.
The goal of green tech is to protect the environment, repair damage done to the environment in the past, and conserve the Earth's natural resources. Green tech–or green technology–is an umbrella term that describes the use of technology and science to reduce human impacts on the natural environment. Renewable energy is another frontier for green tech adoption, with fossil fuels recognized as a significant driver for climate change.

Green Tech

Green economic theories encompass a wide range of ideas, all dealing with the interconnected relationship between people and the environment.

10 Conditions for a Transition Toward a Green Economy

Green economics is a methodology of economics that supports the harmonious interaction between humans and nature and attempts to meet the needs of both simultaneously. In many ways, green economics is closely related to ecological economics in the way that it views natural resources as having measurable economic value and in how they focus on sustainability and justice. The term green economics is a broad one (it's a term that's been co-opted by groups ranging from green anarchists to feminists), but it encompasses any theory that views the economy as a component of the environment in which it is based. As such, green economists generally take a broad and holistic approach to understanding and modeling economies, paying as much attention to the natural resources that fuel the economy as they do to the way the economy itself functions. The way that these economists advocate for the environment is by making an argument that the environment plays a pivotal role in the economy and that the health of any good economy is essentially determined by the health of the environment it is an essential part of.

Green Economics

Impact investing aims to generate specific beneficial social or environmental effects in addition to financial gains. Learn about impact investments here.

Ford Foundation Commits $1 Billion from Endowment to Mission-Related Investments

Table of Contents
What Is Impact Investing? The type of impact that can evolve from impact investing varies based on the industry and the specific company within that industry, but some common examples include giving back to the community by helping the less fortunate or investing in sustainable energy practices to help save our planet. Socially responsible (SRI) and environmental, social, & governance (ESG) investing are two approaches to impact investing, although there is still some disagreement over terminology in the investing community. Impact-focused investing, or simply impact investing, is an investment strategy that seeks to achieve social or environmental goals, as well as generate profit. Impact investing is a general investment strategy that seeks to generate financial returns while also creating a positive social or environmental impact.

Impact Investing

Leeds School of Business offers graduate and post-graduate degrees at the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado.

Leeds Ranks High in U.S. News & World Report’s 2021 Best Undergraduate Business Programs

$35 Million Commitment Endows CU-Boulder Leeds School of Business to Advance Social Responsibility and Diversity

Leeds School of Business is located at the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado. Historically, the Leeds School of Business MBA program has been an effective conduit for professionals seeking a career in accounting and other financial services disciplines, which in recent years have represented about 30% of the job placements of MBA graduates. As part of this donation, the Leeds family mandated that all students at the Leeds School of Business receive meaningful training in social responsibility, business ethics, diversity and inclusion, and sustainability. Leeds School of Business ranks 21st in the _U.S. News & World Report 2021 Best Undergraduate Business Programs_. It offers both undergraduate and graduate courses and awards degrees including a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree program and a Ph.D. program.

Leeds School of Business

The Morningstar Sustainability Rating is a global standard for the assessment of mutual funds and ETFs' environmental, social, and corporate governance.

The Morningstar Sustainability Rating is a reliable and objective way for investors to see how approximately 20,000 mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are meeting environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) challenges.
Introduced in August 2016, Morningstar’s Sustainability Ratings are expressed using a five-globe system indicating whether the investment is at the bottom end of the rating for its industry group (one globe), below average (two globes), average (three globes), above average (four globes) or at the high end (five globes) of its industry group rating. The Morningstar Sustainability Rating is a reliable and objective way for investors to see how approximately 20,000 mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are meeting environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) challenges.
Introduced in August 2016, Morningstar’s Sustainability Ratings are expressed using a five-globe system indicating whether the investment is at the bottom end of the rating for its industry group (one globe), below average (two globes), average (three globes), above average (four globes) or at the high end (five globes) of its industry group rating. However, it only has a sustainability rating of two globes out of five (below average) based on an 80% ranking in its category and a sustainability score of 45.
Morningstar’s Sustainability Ratings make it possible for investors to tilt their portfolios toward a sustainable investment philosophy without having to purchase sustainable, responsible and impact (SRI, formerly socially responsible investing) funds. By higher quality, Morningstar is referring to funds with five-globe sustainability ratings that more likely to have high star ratings for their risk-adjusted returns, are more likely to be favored by Morningstar analysts, are less volatile, and have more exposure to financially healthy companies with economic moats. A score of 50 means that the company is considered average relative to its peer group; a score of 70 or higher means that the company is rated at least two standard deviations above average in its peer group.

Morningstar Sustainability Rating

A sin stock is a publicly traded company involved in or associated with an activity that is considered unethical or immoral.

A sin stock is a publicly traded company involved in or associated with an activity that is considered unethical or immoral. For example, brewing has a long tradition in much of the world, so alcohol stocks are not necessarily considered sin stocks by everyone. There is also an economic argument that tends to support sin taxes, resulting in higher taxes for sin stocks. Even when sin stocks are not actually outlawed, they still face the threat of sin taxes. Sin stocks face far greater political risk than most other stocks.

Sin Stock

A social audit is a formal review of a company's procedures, code of conduct regarding social responsibility, and the company's impact on society.

A social audit is a formal review of a company's endeavors, procedures, and code of conduct regarding social responsibility and the company's impact on society. A social audit is a formal review of a company's endeavors, procedures, and code of conduct regarding social responsibility and the company's impact on society. A social audit is a formal review of a company's endeavors, procedures, and code of conduct regarding social responsibility and the company's impact on society. By continuously striving to meet and exceed their social responsibility benchmarks, companies can improve their public perception over time; social audits help companies achieve a balance between profits and ethics. While positive results might be disclosed, negative results might be kept internal and used to identify potential improvements that can make the results of the next social audit more favorable.
For example, a company might find out through its assessment that the company was not adequately involved in charitable activities within the community.

Social Audit

A social impact bond is a contract with the public sector or governing authority, which pays for better social outcomes.

Lessons Learned from the Planning and Early Implementation of the Social Impact Bond at HMP Peterborough

A social impact bond (SIB) is a contract with the public sector or governing authority, whereby it pays for better social outcomes in certain areas and passes on the part of the savings achieved to investors. A social impact bond (SIB) is a contract with the public sector or governing authority, whereby it pays for better social outcomes in certain areas and passes on the part of the savings achieved to investors. A social impact bond (SIB) is a contract with the public sector or governing authority, whereby it pays for better social outcomes in certain areas and passes on the part of the savings achieved to investors. It can be hard to determine the success of social impact bonds, as they are based on social impact, which is often hard to quantify and measure success. Investing in social impact bonds has risen in recent years as a way for investors to give back to the community, as well as a way for companies to expand their social responsibility.

Social Impact Bond (SIB)

A social impact statement is a report outlining the steps taken by a company to improve its social and environmental standards.

P&G 2019 Citizenship Report Highlights Commitment to Community Impact, Gender Equality, Diversity & Inclusion and Sustainability

P&G Sets New Goal to Deliver 25 Billion Liters of Clean Drinking Water to Families in Need Worldwide

A social impact statement—also known as a corporate social responsibility (CSR) statement—is a report or press release issued by a company that outlines the steps it has taken to improve the social and environmental standards of its business operations. A social impact statement—also known as a corporate social responsibility (CSR) statement—is a report or press release issued by a company that outlines the steps it has taken to improve the social and environmental standards of its business operations. Although critics argue that social impact statements are often little more than marketing exercises, some companies have nonetheless achieved substantial results through their social and environmental initiatives. Social impact statements have become more popular in recent years, as investors increasingly look for companies with high environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings. Social impact statements are documents produced by companies which outline the investments they have made in tackling various social or environmental priorities.

Social Impact Statement

Socially responsible investing looks for investments that are considered socially conscious because of the nature of the business the company conducts.

Socially responsible investing (SRI), also known as social investment, is an investment that is considered socially responsible due to the nature of the business the company conducts. One example of socially responsible investing is community investing, which goes directly toward organizations that both have a track record of social responsibility through helping the community, and have been unable to garner funds from other sources such as banks and financial institutions. Socially responsible investing (SRI), also known as social investment, is an investment that is considered socially responsible due to the nature of the business the company conducts. Socially responsible investments include eschewing investments in companies that produce or sell addictive substances (like alcohol, gambling, and tobacco) in favor of seeking out companies that are engaged in social justice, environmental sustainability, and alternative energy/clean technology efforts. As awareness has grown in recent years over global warming and climate change, socially responsible investing has trended toward companies that positively impact the environment by reducing emissions or investing in sustainable or clean energy sources.

Socially Responsible Investment (SRI)

The SB20 attempts to identify innovative and progressive companies with the potential to positively affect the goal of a more sustainable society.

A group of stocks that are chosen according to the companies' ability to provide products and services while contributing to a sustainable economy. Two main criteria are used when picking a SB20 stock:
**Sustainable:** The company must be exciting and must excel in solving social or environmental problems.
**Financial:** The company must be profitable (or close to it) and have a stock trading over $1.00. The list attempts to identify innovative and progressive companies with the potential to positively affect the goal of a more sustainable society. A group of stocks that are chosen according to the companies' ability to provide products and services while contributing to a sustainable economy. The stock list comprises companies of various sizes, locations and industries, but it doesn't create a well-diversified portfolio.

Sustainable Business 20 (SB20)

The United Nations Global Compact is a strategic initiative that supports global companies committed to responsible business practices. 

The United Nations Global Compact is a strategic initiative that supports global companies that are committed to responsible business practices in the areas of human rights, labor, the environment, and corruption. The 10 principles for businesses, as stated on the UN Global Compact’s website, are the following:
**Principle 1:** Support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights.
**Principle 2:** Ensure that business practices are not complicit in human rights abuses. The United Nations Global Compact is a strategic initiative that supports global companies that are committed to responsible business practices in the areas of human rights, labor, the environment, and corruption. The United Nations Global Compact is an initiative that global corporations can sign on to committing to responsible business practices in the areas of human rights, labor, the environment, and corruption. Ways in which businesses can contribute to human rights include creating jobs, developing goods and services that help people meet their basic needs, promoting public policies that support social sustainability, partnering with other businesses to have a greater impact, and making strategic social investments.

United Nations Global Compact

The UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) are a set of six principles that set a global standard for responsible investing.

A Practical Guide to ESG Integration for Equity Investing

The UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) is an international organization that works to promote the incorporation of environmental, social, and corporate governance factors (ESG) into investment decision-making. As expressed on the organization’s website, these six principles are as follows:
Principle 1: We will incorporate ESG issues into investment analysis and decision-making processes.
Principle 2: We will be active owners and incorporate ESG issues into our ownership policies and practices.
Principle 3: We will seek appropriate disclosure on ESG issues by the entities in which we invest.
Principle 4: We will promote acceptance and implementation of the Principles within the investment industry.
Principle 5: We will work together to enhance our effectiveness in implementing the Principles.
Principle 6: We will each report on our activities and progress towards implementing the Principles. The UN Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI) is an international organization that works to promote the incorporation of environmental, social, and corporate governance factors (ESG) into investment decision-making. Standard Life—a PRI signatory—uses ESG factors to assess emerging risks and opportunities in the automobile supply chain, particularly as it relates to new anti-pollution legislation being considered by the European Union (EU).
After analyzing the potential impact of this new legislation on various automakers and parts suppliers This includes many prominent founding signatories who helped launch the program, such as the Norwegian Government Pension Fund; the Government Pension Fund of Thailand; the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board; and the California Public Employees’ Retirement System (CalPERS).

Socially Responsible Investing

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Terms in Socially Responsible Investing