
What Are Franking Credits?
A franking credit, also known as an imputation credit, is a type of tax credit paid by corporations to their shareholders along with their dividend payments. This is the standard calculation for calculating franking credits: **Franking credit** = (dividend amount / (1-company tax rate)) - dividend amount If an investor receives a $70 dividend from a company paying a 30% tax rate, their full franking credit would be $30 for a grossed-up dividend of $100. To determine an adjusted franking credit, an investor would adjust the franking credit according to their tax rate. A franking credit, also known as an imputation credit, is a type of tax credit paid by corporations to their shareholders along with their dividend payments. When filing personal income taxes, an investor receiving a franking credit will typically record as income both the amount of the dividend and the amount of the franking credit. Since corporations have already paid taxes on the dividends they distribute to their shareholders, the franking credit allows them to allocate a tax credit to their shareholders.

What Is a Franking Credit?
A franking credit, also known as an imputation credit, is a type of tax credit paid by corporations to their shareholders along with their dividend payments. Australia and several other countries allow franking credits as a way to reduce or eliminate double taxation.
Since corporations have already paid taxes on the dividends they distribute to their shareholders, the franking credit allows them to allocate a tax credit to their shareholders. Depending on their tax situation, shareholders might then get a reduction in their income taxes or a tax refund.




How Franking Credits Work
Investors in countries such as Australia with franking credit provisions can also expect franking credits for mutual funds that hold domestic-based companies paying dividends. For the larger, blue-chip companies operating in Australia, the franking credit is a great way to promote long-term equity ownership and has led to increases in dividend payouts to investors.
In Australia, franking credit is paid to investors in a 0% to 30% tax bracket. Franking credits are paid proportionally to the investor’s tax rate. An investor with a 0% tax rate will receive the full tax payment paid by the company to the Australian Taxation Office as a tax credit. Franking credit payouts decrease proportionally as an investor’s tax rate increases. Investors with a tax rate above 30% do not receive franking credits with dividends.
Most countries require a holding period for receiving franking credits. In Australia, the holding period is 45 days. An investor must hold the stock for 45 days in addition to the purchase and sale date to qualify for a franking credit.
When filing personal income taxes, an investor receiving a franking credit will typically record as income both the amount of the dividend and the amount of the franking credit. Grossed up dividend is a term used for the combined dividend and franking credit.
Calculating Franking Credits
This is the standard calculation for calculating franking credits:
If an investor receives a $70 dividend from a company paying a 30% tax rate, their full franking credit would be $30 for a grossed-up dividend of $100.
To determine an adjusted franking credit, an investor would adjust the franking credit according to their tax rate. In the previous example, if an investor is only entitled to a 50% franking credit, their franking credit payout would be $15.
The Bottom Line
The concept of franking credits was instituted in 1987 and therefore is relatively new. It provides additional incentive for investors in lower tax brackets to invest in dividend-paying companies.
Potentially, other countries could consider integrating franking credits to reduce or eliminate double taxation. Therefore, people who would like to see a similar system in the United States and other nations watch the effects of franking credits closely.
Related terms:
Dividend
A dividend is the distribution of some of a company's earnings to a class of its shareholders, as determined by the company's board of directors. read more
Dividend Imputation
A dividend imputation reduces or eliminates taxes on cash payouts to stock shareholders. Its proponents decry the dividend tax as double taxation. read more
Double Taxation
Double taxation refers to income taxes paid twice on the same income source. It occurs when income is taxed at both the corporate and personal level, or by two nations. read more
Flow-Through Entity
A flow-through entity is a legal business entity that passes income on to the owners and/or investors of the business. read more
Franked Investment Income
Franked investment income (FII) is income that is received as a tax-free distribution by one company from another. read more
Franked Dividend
A franked dividend is paid with a tax credit attached and is designed to eliminate the issue of double taxation of dividends for investors. read more
Holding Period
A holding period is the amount of time an investment is held by an investor or the period between the purchase and sale of a security. read more
Ordinary Dividends
Ordinary dividends are regular payments made by a company to shareholders that are taxed as ordinary income. read more
Tax Credit
A tax credit is an amount of money that people are permitted to subtract, dollar for dollar, from the income taxes that they owe. read more